Class 12 Biology Biotechnology Principal and Processes MCQs with Answers

At Sainik School, our Class 12 Biology MCQs on “Biotechnology: Principles and Processes” provide students with a comprehensive platform to master this significant topic. Covering various aspects of biotechnology, including genetic engineering techniques, gene cloning, DNA fingerprinting, and biotechnological applications, these multiple-choice questions offer thorough preparation for Class 12 Biology exams.

Our MCQs challenge students to apply their knowledge of biotechnological principles and processes to solve problems and analyze scenarios, fostering critical thinking and analytical skills essential for success in exams. Each MCQ is accompanied by a detailed answer explanation, enabling students to grasp the underlying concepts thoroughly.

By practicing Class 12 Biology MCQs on “Biotechnology: Principles and Processes” at Sainik School, students not only prepare effectively for their exams but also gain a deeper understanding of the applications and implications of biotechnology in various fields, laying a strong foundation for their future studies and careers in biology and related fields.

Q1. In genetic engineering experiments, restriction enzymes are used for:

1. Viral DNA.
2. Bacterial DNA.
3. Eukaryotic DNA.
4. Any type of DNA.

Q2. A bacterial cell was transformed with a recombinant DNA that was generated using a human gene. However, the
transformed cells did not produce the desired protein. Reasons could be:

1. Human gene may have intron which bacteria cannot process.
2. Amino acid codons for humans and bacteria are different.
3. Human protein is formed but degraded by bacteria.
4. All of the above.

Q3. Two statements are given-one labelled Assertion and the other labelled Reason. Select the correct answer to 1 Mark
these questions from the codes (a), (b), (c) and (d) as given below.

1. Both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
2. Both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.
3. Assertion is true but reason is false.
4. Both assertion and reason are false.
   Assertion: cDNA is copy DNA which is synthesised in vivo on a DNA template using DNA polymerase.
   Reason: cDNA of all possible genes are ti gated with different plasmids and maintained in either plant or animal
   cells.

Q4. Who among the following was awarded the Nobel Prize for the development of PCR technique?

1. Herbert Boyer.
2. Hargovind Khurana.
3. Kary Mullis.
4. Arthur Kornberg.

Q5. Which of the following has popularised the PCR (polymerase chain reactions)?

1. Easy availability of DNA template.
2. Availability of synthetic primers.
3. Availability of cheap deoxyribonucleotides.
4. Availability of ‘Thermostable’ DNA polymerase.

Q6. In an experiment, recombinant DNA bearing ampicillin-resistance gene is transferred into E.coli cells. The host
cells are then cultured on a medium containing ampicillin. The result will be:

1. Both transformants and non-transformants cannot survive.
2. Both transformants and non-transformants can survive.
3. Transformants only and not the non transformants can survive.
4. Transformants cannot survive, but non transformants can not.

Q7. Which one of the following is related with genetic engineering?

1. Plastids.
2. Mitochondria.
3. Plasmids.
4. Lysosomes.

Q8. The first isolated restriction endonuclease is:

1. Hind II.
2. Hind III.
3. EcoRI.
4. Alu I.

Q9. The transfer of genetic material from one bacterium to another through the mediation of a vector like virus is
termed as:

1. Transduction.
2. Conjugation.
3. Transformation.
4. Translation

Q10. Which is a direct gene transfer method?

1. Using Cosmid.
2. Using Agrobacterium.
3. Using BAC.
4. Electroporation

Q11. Which of the given statement is correct in the context of observing DNA separated by agarose gel
electrophoresis?

1. DNA can be seen in visible light.
2. DNA can be seen without staining in visible light.
3. Ethidium bromide stained DNA can be seen in visible light.
4. Ethidium bromide stained DNA can be seen under exposure to UV light.

Q12. In agarose gel electrophoresis, DNA molecules are separated on the basis of their:

1. Charge only.
2. Size only.
3. Charge to size ratio.
4. All of the above.

Q13. A recombinant DNA molecule can be produced in the absence of the following:

1. Restriction endonuclease.
2. DNA ligase.
3. DNA fragments.
4. E.coli.

Q14. The DNA fragments produced by the use of restriction endonucleases can be separated by:

1. Polymerase chain reaction.
2. Gel electrophoresis.
3. Density gradient centrifugation.
4. Any of the above.

Q15. ‘Restriction’ in Restriction enzyme refers to:

1. Cleaving of phosphodiester bond in DNA by the enzyme.
2. Cutting of DNA at specific position only.
3. Prevention of the multiplication of bacteriophage in bacteria.
4. All of the above.